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Apple has long provided a way to track a lost device with Find My iPhone. With iOS 13 and macOS Catalina, however, Apple’s Find My iPhone platform is being rebranded to “Find My.” Here’s everything you need to know.
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2020-4-11 The private key must correspond to the CSR it was generated with and, ultimately, it needs to match the certificate created from the CSR. If the private key is missing, it could mean that the SSL certificate is not installed on the same server which generated the Certificate Signing Request.
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Sep 01, 2019 When you want to find your stolen laptop, you turn to your second Apple device—let’s say an iPad—which contains both the same private key as the laptop and has generated the same series of.
'Cannot Find the Certificate Request', 'Pending request not found'. “Cannot Find the certificate request that is associated with this certificate file. A certificate request must be completed on the computer where the request was created.”. A private key mismatch may occur if the private key.
The new Find My application is available in iOS 13 and macOS Catalina and integrates the “Find My Friends” app. This means you can not only track all of your devices, but also any friends with whom who share location.
One of the marquee features of the Find My app is support for locating devices even when they are offline. This means if you lose your Apple device, you’ll still be able to locate it even if it’s offline.
Advantages Of Private Key Encryption
Here’s how Apple describes offline location support in the new Find My app:
Locate a missing device even if it’s not connected to Wi‑Fi or cellular using crowd‑sourced location. When you mark your device as missing and another Apple user’s device is nearby, it can detect your device’s Bluetooth signal and report its location to you. It’s completely anonymous and encrypted end‑to‑end, so everyone’s privacy is protected.
As part of the privacy framework of Find My, however, there is one contingency. In order to unlock the location of a lost device, you must own another Apple device. This is because the second Apple product is the one that holds the key to decrypt the location of an offline device.
Each of your Apple devices emits a constantly changing key that nearby Apple devices pick up. Essentially, each device is turned into a beacon, and the devices all bounce off each other. Nearby Apple devices upload your device’s location – fully encrypted –allowing you to track it, even when it’s offline.
A report from Wired earlier this year broke down how Find My will work in the real-world, while still preserving privacy:
When you want to find your stolen laptop, you turn to your second Apple device—let’s say an iPad—which contains both the same private key as the laptop and has generated the same series of rotating public keys. When you tap a button to find your laptop, the iPad uploads the same hash of the public key to Apple as an identifier, so that Apple can search through its millions upon millions of stored encrypted locations, and find the matching hash.
How to locate a device with Find My in iOS 13 and macOS Catalina
Open the “Find My” app on an Apple device
Tap the “Devices” tab at the bottom
Look for your device on the list and map
Tap it and you can play a sound, mark it as lost, and erase
In the screenshot above, the MacBook Air being located is offline, but still appears as normal due to the new capabilities in iOS 13 and macOS Catalina. As such, most people probably won’t even notice what’s going behind the scenes in the Find My app – but they’ll surely be grateful for it.
What Apple has done with this new Find My app – specifically the ability to track offline devices – is nothing short of remarkable. It’s even more notable that Apple was able to do it in a way that completely protects the user’s privacy.
Ideally, offline support for Find My will further increase the situations in which you’re able to locate a lost device. It should also further deter thieves from
Do you have any notable success stories from using Find My iPhone or the new Find My app? Let us know down in the comments.
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APPLIES TO: SQL Server Azure SQL Database Azure Synapse Analytics (SQL DW) Parallel Data Warehouse
SQL Server uses encryption keys to help secure data, credentials, and connection information that is stored in a server database. SQL Server has two kinds of keys: symmetric and asymmetric. Symmetric keys use the same password to encrypt and decrypt data. Asymmetric keys use one password to encrypt data (called the public key) and another to decrypt data (called the private key).
In SQL Server, encryption keys include a combination of public, private, and symmetric keys that are used to protect sensitive data. The symmetric key is created during SQL Server initialization when you first start the SQL Server instance. The key is used by SQL Server to encrypt sensitive data that is stored in SQL Server. Public and private keys are created by the operating system and they are used to protect the symmetric key. A public and private key pair is created for each SQL Server instance that stores sensitive data in a database.
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Applications for SQL Server and Database Keys
SQL Server has two primary applications for keys: a service master key (SMK) generated on and for a SQL Server instance, and a database master key (DMK) used for a database.
Service master key
The Service Master Key is the root of the SQL Server encryption hierarchy. The SMK is automatically generated the first time the SQL Server instance is started and is used to encrypt a linked server password, credentials, and the database master key. The SMK is encrypted by using the local machine key using the Windows Data Protection API (DPAPI). The DPAPI uses a key that is derived from the Windows credentials of the SQL Server service account and the computer's credentials. The service master key can only be decrypted by the service account under which it was created or by a principal that has access to the machine's credentials.
The Service Master Key can only be opened by the Windows service account under which it was created or by a principal with access to both the service account name and its password.
SQL Server 2019 (15.x) uses the AES encryption algorithm to protect the service master key (SMK) and the database master key (DMK). AES is a newer encryption algorithm than 3DES used in earlier versions. After upgrading an instance of the Database Engine to SQL Server 2019 (15.x) the SMK and DMK should be regenerated in order to upgrade the master keys to AES. For more information about regenerating the SMK, see ALTER SERVICE MASTER KEY (Transact-SQL) and ALTER MASTER KEY (Transact-SQL).
Public Private Key Encryption
Database master key
The database master key is a symmetric key that is used to protect the private keys of certificates and asymmetric keys that are present in the database. It can also be used to encrypt data, but it has length limitations that make it less practical for data than using a symmetric key. To enable the automatic decryption of the database master key, a copy of the key is encrypted by using the SMK. It is stored in both the database where it is used and in the master system database.
The copy of the DMK stored in the master system database is silently updated whenever the DMK is changed. However, this default can be changed by using the DROP ENCRYPTION BY SERVICE MASTER KEY option of the ALTER MASTER KEY statement. A DMK that is not encrypted by the service master key must be opened by using the OPEN MASTER KEY statement and a password.
Managing SQL Server and Database Keys
Managing encryption keys consists of creating new database keys, creating a backup of the server and database keys, and knowing when and how to restore, delete, or change the keys.
To manage symmetric keys, you can use the tools included in SQL Server to do the following:
Back up a copy of the server and database keys so that you can use them to recover a server installation, or as part of a planned migration.
Restore a previously saved key to a database. This enables a new server instance to access existing data that it did not originally encrypt.
Delete the encrypted data in a database in the unlikely event that you can no longer access encrypted data.
Re-create keys and re-encrypt data in the unlikely event that the key is compromised. As a security best practice, you should re-create the keys periodically (for example, every few months) to protect the server from attacks that try to decipher the keys.
Add or remove a server instance from a server scale-out deployment where multiple servers share both a single database and the key that provides reversible encryption for that database.
Important Security Information
Accessing objects secured by the service master key requires either the SQL Server Service account that was used to create the key or the computer (machine) account. That is, the computer is tied to the system where the key was created. You can change the SQL Server Service account or the computer account without losing access to the key. However, if you change both, you will lose access to the service master key. If you lose access to the service master key without one of these two elements, you be unable to decrypt data and objects encrypted by using the original key.
Connections secured with the service master key cannot be restored without the service master key.
Access to objects and data secured with the database master key require only the password that is used to help secure the key.
Caution
If you lose all access to the keys described earlier, you will lose access to the objects, connections, and data secured by those keys. You can restore the service master key, as described in the links that are shown here, or you can go back to the original encrypting system to recover the access. There is no 'back-door' to recover the access.
Type the following command in an open terminal window on your computer to generate your private key using SSL: $ openssl genrsa -out /path/to/wwwservercom.key 2048This will invoke OpenSSL, instruct it to generate an RSA private key using the DES3 cipher, and send it as an output to a file in the same directory where you ran the command.Hit Enter to generate your private key. Contents.Create an RSA Private KeyCreating your private key will require entering the command string itself, the location and file name you wish to use, and the key strength.1. Generate csr key on iis. You will be informed that your private key is being generated, then prompted for a pass phrase.
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In This Section
Service Master Key Provides a brief explanation for the service master key and its best practices.
Extensible Key Management (EKM) Explains how to use third-party key management systems with SQL Server.
Related Tasks
Related Content
See Also
Back Up and Restore Reporting Services Encryption Keys Delete and Re-create Encryption Keys (SSRS Configuration Manager) Add and Remove Encryption Keys for Scale-Out Deployment (SSRS Configuration Manager) Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)